Diagnóstico imuno-histoquímico e caracterização anatomopatológica de clamidiose em psitacídeos

Abstract

A clamidiose é causada por Chlamydophila psittaci e representa uma das principais zoonoses de origem aviária. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo em psitacídeos do período de 1995 a 2012 e exame imuno-histoquímico (IHQ) anti-Chlamydia. Foram avaliados 111 casos, dos quais 12 foram a óbito devido à clamidiose. As aves eram provenientes de apreensão ou cativeiro (zoológicos, criatórios, centros de triagem e domicílios). À necropsia observou-se fígado aumentado (4/12) com áreas branco-amareladas (3/12), baço aumentado (2/12) e rompido (1/12), saco pericárdico com deposição de fibrina (1/12), polisserosite fibrinosa (1/12) e em três casos não havia lesões. Na avaliação histopatológica evidenciou-se hepatite necrótica mononuclear (7/12), hepatite mononuclear (3/12), hiperplasia de ductos biliares (8/12), esplenite necrótica histiocitária (9/12), hemossiderose em fígado (9/12) e baço (9/12), aerossaculite mononuclear (4/12), pericardite fibrino-heterofílica (2/12), necrose (1/12) e rarefação (1/12) linfoide de bursa de Fabricius, pneumonia fibrinosa (1/12), nefrite mononuclear (1/12) e granulomas renais (1/12). Observaram-se inclusões basofílicas intracitoplasmáticas (corpos elementares) em fígado (2/12), baço e rins (1/12). Evidenciou-se imunomarcação anti-Chlamydia em fígado (11/12), baço (7/9), pulmões (3/9), rins (2/8), intestinos (2/3), sacos aéreos (1/4) e bursa de Fabricius (1/2). A IHQ poderá ser utilizada como forma de diagnóstico definitivo post mortem de clamidiose em psitacídeos no Brasil

Chlamydiosis is caused by Chlamydophila psittaci and is one of the most important avian zoonosis. A retrospective study in psittacines was performed from 1995 to 2012 with immunohistochemistry (IHC) anti-Chlamydia. Hundred eleven cases were evaluated and twelve birds died due to chlamydiosis. The birds were obtained from illegal commerce traffic or captive conditions (zoos, breeding birds, wildlife rehabilitation center and pets). Grossly, there were hepatomegaly (4/12) with yellowish-white areas (3/12), splenomegaly (2/12), splenic rupture (1/12), fibrin deposition in pericardial sac (1/12), fibrinous polyserositis (1/12), and in three cases lesion was not found. Histopathological evaluation revealed mononuclear necrotizing hepatitis (7/12), mononuclear hepatitis (3/12), biliary duct hyperplasia (8/12), histiocytic necrotizing splenitis (9/12), hemosiderosis in liver (9/12) and spleen (9/12), mononuclear aerosaculitis (4/12), fibrin heterophilic pericarditis (2/12), lymphoid necrosis (1/12) and depletion of bursa Fabricius (1/12), fibrinous pneumonia (1/12), mononuclear nephritis (1/12), and renal granulomas (1/12). Basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions (elementary bodies) were observed in liver (2/12), spleen and kidney (1/12). Positive immunostaining for Chlamydia could be detected in liver (11/12), spleen (7/9), lung (3/9), kidney (2/8), intestines (2/3), air sacs (1/4) and bursa of Fabricius (1/2). It was concluded that IHC can be used as postmortem definitive diagnosis of chlamydiosis in psittacines